Either or mempunyai arti positif.
Neither nor mempunyai arti negaif.
Contoh penggunaannya dalam kalimat:
Either or
1. Jake either has a dog or a cat.
2. Either Jane or Jill wants to visit England.
Neither nor
1. Neither Bob nor Jake went to the party last night (Bob isn’t going to the party. Jake isn’t going to the party)
2. I could neither play guitar nor piano. ( I Couldn’t play guitar and piano).
Jika kata yang mengikuti ‘neither’ atau ‘either’ adalah tunggal maka ‘verb’ harus tunggal:
* Neither Bob nor Jake is having a party. (kt kerja tunggal)
Jika salah satu kata yang mengikuti ‘neither’ atau ‘either’ jamak, maka ‘verb’ harus jamak:
* Either Jake and his friends are playing football. (kt kerja jamak)
Some dan any digunakan untuk benda yang countable (bisa dihitung) dan uncountable (tak bisa dihitung). Perbedaannya adalah some digunakan untuk kalimat positif sedangkan any digunakan untuk kalimat negatif dan kalimat tanya.
Contoh penggunaan some pada countable noun (benda bisa dihitung):
1. I have bought some books.
2. She needs some pencils for her children.
Contoh penggunaan some pada uncountable noun (benda tidak bisa dihitung)
1. My mother poured some sugar into her tea.
2. I need some salt.
Contoh penggunaan any pada countable noun.
1. I don’t have any photos of my old friend.
2. Do you have any photos of your old friend?
3. They didn’t buy any shirts at the shopping centre.
4. Did they buy any shirts at the shopping centre?
Exercises
- Jane went to the cinema with (some/ any) of her friends.
- Have you got (some/ any) brothers or sisters?
- I think you should put (some/ any) flowers on the table.
- I am hungry. I want to eat (some/ any) cakes.
- Susy doesn’t have (some/ any) friends.
